Sore Throat Mucus Has Blood In It?

Each year 524 kg of municipal waste, a figure that rises 6 percent annually

reproduce an article published in the 29/04/2008 www.ambientum.com on the production of urban waste in Spain and the upward trend in Europe suffers. The original source is Tecma Tem.

Spain generates 524.5 kg of municipal waste per capita, lower than the average for the countries of the European Union amounted to 567 kg per capita, according to the latest study of environmental indicators, Ministry of Environment Environment, MAPA. Thus, in 2007 it is estimated that nearly 45 million generated English A total of 24.75 million urban waste.

Despite the implementation of the principles of reduce, reuse and recycling (the three Rs), municipal waste still increasing by 6 per year, an issue of particular concern to this sector, which will meet in the first Hall of Recovery and Recycling, SRR, within the framework of TEM TECMA 08, International Fair of Urbanism and Environment, organized by IFEMA and call to be held from 10 to 13 June next at Feria de Madrid.

means municipal waste generated in private homes, shops, offices and services as well as all those who are not the classification of dangerous and that by its nature and composition can be likened to those produced in the above places or activities.

amount of waste per household in Spain

The amount of waste attributable to each household is closely related to the production system, economic growth and consumption patterns. According to the latest environmental indicators of the Ministry of Environment, the Autonomous Communities had higher per capita value of household waste were Ceuta and Melilla with a gauge of 2.30 followed by Canarias (2.23) and Baleares (2.02) . At the other extreme, less waste is generated Galicia (1.05), followed by Castilla y León a (1.08).

other hand, according to the latest study by the INE National Statistics Institute, domestic waste is collected without separating it recycles just 9.8 percent, while 74.8 percent is removed and 15.4 percent is dedicated to composting (production of natural fertilizer). In contrast, previously separated waste can be recycled 63.1 percent, eliminating 31.6 percent and is intended for composting by 5.3 percent. Hence the importance of raising awareness among citizens of the need to separate waste at home.

The INE also said that he as municipal waste management companies in Spain collected 28.1 million tonnes of waste a year . The same source notes that withdraw 484 pounds of mixed municipal waste per person per year, plus 18 kilos of paper and cardboard, and 10.9 kilos of glass. Of total waste generated in Spain, 21.6 million tons were mixed waste and 6.4 million tonnes to collection.

In 2020 the EU urban waste generated equivalent to the area of \u200b\u200bLuxembourg

Compared with the EU15 countries (the 15 European Union countries more developed), Spain ranks seventh in the recycling of urban waste , just below the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg and Sweden, according to the Statistical Office of the European Commission (Eurostat).

Another revealing statistic is estimated that by 2020 the member countries of the European Union will reach 680 kg of municipal waste per person, representing an increase of 20. So that if esparciéramos on the ground all waste generated, a figure that is estimated to reach 340 million tons, it could cover the area the size of Luxembourg with a thickness of 30 centimeters, said Eurostat.

municipal waste generation has grown over the past year results and similar behavior was observed in all European Union countries. At present, the urban waste management in advanced societies has undergone a major change to adapt to the principles of sustainable development.

Within the first Hall of Recycling and Recovery, SRR will find the development of clean technologies, which allow the recovery of waste through reuse and recycling policies, and the use of waste as energy source.

Lohri Invitation Cardsmatter Of Baby

plasma technology for waste

Article published in consumer.

Destroy all kinds of debris with temperatures above 1,500 degrees and can generate power, but its development is still in its infancy

The application of plasma gasification technology, as its advocates would provide the system with modern, clean, efficient and long duration, capable of treating all types of waste, even the most difficult, such as tires, hazardous materials, sediment, plastic, etc. The process also generate energy and various products that can be used. However, its development is still at an early stage, and critics say it is an expensive process and not as clean as its proponents advocate.

* Author: By ALEX FERNANDEZ Muerza
* Publication Date: April 7, 2008

This technology is currently used mainly to destroy hazardous wastes, for its clean and efficient way to kill them. So some companies are working to use this system as a system of urban waste recovery.

The system consists of a reactor with torches in their power to inject high voltage and some kind of gas such as oxygen, nitrogen or argon. This process can generate temperatures near the surface of the Sun (over 1,500 º C) and obtain the status of plasma, ie a gas whose atoms have lost or gained electrons. Thus, the links of the molecules are broken and waste in the form of atoms are harmless.

Subsequently, the residual organic matter is converted into a synthesis gas (syngas) composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide can be used for energy or liquid fuels. For its part, the inorganic wastes are melted in the bottom of the reactor, obtaining a ceramic material that can be devoted to the manufacture of abrasive products such as high temperature insulation (rock wool) or filling the bases of roads.

This process can generate temperatures near the surface the Sun (over 1,500 º C)

In any case, Julian Uriarte, Chairman of the Technical Association for Waste Management and Environment, ATEGRUS, stresses that the implementation of this technology in the recovery of waste is still in incipient state, and is currently employed mainly to destroy hazardous waste.

For example, the town Palencia Carrión de los Condes recently authorized the construction of a plant, mainly recycling tires, which includes among its treatment systems technology. Those responsible, the Hera Group Holding, is one of the pioneers in this technique in Spain, and has a R & D Center in Castellgalí (Barcelona) for improving this system.

Meanwhile, the town of As Somozas Coruña recently began building a plant that incorporates plasma technology from U.S. company Solena to end industrial wastes such as paints, solvents and tires. The ship, at a cost of 60 million euros, will remove six tons of waste per hour, and will generate 15 megawatts of electricity, enough to supply 15,000 homes, according to its leaders. Also, the company plans to put up similar facilities in the province of Cordoba Bélmez.

As to international examples, the plasma gasification plant world's largest is in the "Eco-valley" of Utashinai (Japan). With technology from U.S. company Westinghouse Plasma, is able to transform up to 280 tonnes of waste per day. Reviews


system
Not everyone agrees to support this technology. Ecologists in Action believes that it is actually a covert incineration system, and therefore also the risk of forming dioxins, furans and other products of incomplete combustion processes that trigger cancer.

However, proponents of this claim that such facilities comply with environmental requirements, dramatically reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and other harmful compounds such as sulfur dioxide, mercury and nitrogen oxides.

Moreover, the Ecologists in Action Experts add that these plants require a lot of electricity and water, which may jeopardize the supply for human and agricultural use.

Jesús Rincón, chemical Scientific Research Council (CSIC) asserts that while the resulting gases can produce energy, "only pays for a very small proportion of utility costs incurred during the process. "However, this expert defends the technique for processing hospital waste as hazardous or radioactive, which require a more demanding. It is an expensive process, according to a study by the Union Europe, which estimated an expenditure of body 150 and 300 euros per tonne of waste.

Therefore, environmentalists point out that projects of this type of plants have been rejected, for example in 2003 in the town of Alcorisa located in the mining area of \u200b\u200bTeruel.

In short, from Ecologists in Action calls for the implementation of a waste treatment system that is firmly committed to the reduction reuse and recycling, avoiding this type of facility.

"Harnessing nuclear waste as fuel?

based research Various plasma gasification look even take advantage of nuclear waste. The Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP), an international cooperation program promoted by the Department of Energy United States, working on a new reactor that would use the waste as fuel, producing up to 100 times the energy of conventional reactors and generates 40 % less waste.

Meanwhile, scientists at the Russian Research Center Kurchatov Institute of the Austrian Johann Radon and the Technion Israel Institute of Technology working in the so-called "fusion plasma gasification" (PGM in the acronym), which combines high temperatures and low radioactive energy to transform waste.

What Is The Differnet In Prado Vx And Txl

Biodiesel used cooking oil

Article published in consumer.

Avoid the environmental impact of throwing down the drain and is an environmentally friendly fuel that can even occur in a home, albeit with limitations

Fry an egg can feed the stomach but also the repository of the car. Conveniently collected and processed used cooking oil can become fuel diesel. Its use is doubly eco- al evitar que contamine el medio ambiente cuando se aprovecha como biocombustible. Diversos sistemas permiten incluso producirlo en casa, aunque para consumirlo con plenas garantías se aconseja su elaboración industrial. Por su parte, cada vez más municipios españoles ponen en marcha proyectos para potenciar este biodiésel, aunque su desarrollo todavía es incipiente. En este sentido, la colaboración de los consumidores es fundamental para su desarrollo.

* Autor: Por ALEX FERNÁNDEZ MUERZA
* Fecha de publicación: 16 de abril de 2008

Ventajas del biodiésel de aceite usado

El correcto reciclaje del aceite usado, como se apunta en la Escuela de Reciclaje en el Hogar Consumer Eroski, passed by depositing it in a suitable container and bring it to specific locations for collection, as collection points.

However, the lack of awareness, ignorance, or the few facilities for collection are the vast majority of consumers to pour it into the trash or down the sink, which can pose a serious environmental problem and public health . For starters, this residue contributes to the reproduction of potential harmful bacteria in the pipes, the blockage of the same to solidify and the generation of odors in the home.

But that's not just the problem: one liter of oil can contaminate domestic thousand liters of water and cause major disruptions in natural ecosystems. For example, you can attach to the gills of fish, and on the surface of rivers create a layer that impairs oxygenation.

Therefore, many experts recommend using this oil used to produce biofuel. Jose Santamarta, head of the World Watch Institute in Spain says, "is easy, accepted and is the most reasonable way to produce biodiesel, solving a problem of environmental pollution."

A single quart of oil can contaminate domestic thousand liters of water and cause major disruptions in natural ecosystems

also use diesel fuel allows reducing production costs, and it is a good raw material, according to a study by a team of scientists from the University of Castilla la Mancha and the University of Antioquia (Colombia), which has shown that does not generate more emissions CO2 pure oils.

However, the production of this type of biodiesel is rather small, due to various reasons of technological, economic, or regulatory. Also in Spain, the big oil companies, which are not interested in selling this type of biodiesel, largely control the distribution at gas stations. Buses
waste oil biodiesel

Buses are vehicles idóneos para la utilización de este tipo de biodiésel y de hecho, diversas ciudades españolas cuentan entre su flota urbana con autobuses ecológicos que ya lo consumen.

El autobús puede ser un ejemplo en el que se unan diversas prácticas ecologistas. Los consumidores, además de utilizar este medio de transporte público, pueden reciclar el aceite usado de sus casas para que se convierta en su combustible. Así lo ha visto Stagecoach, una de las compañías de autobuses más importantes del Reino Unido. Sus responsables reducen el precio del billete a los usuarios que entreguen su aceite usado a la empresa, que utiliza vehículos con este tipo de biodiésel.

¿Se puede hacer homemade biodiesel?

The process for converting waste oil into biodiesel is not very complicated in theory: basically consists of mixing it with alcohol such as methanol. Therefore, propose initiatives to transform consumers used oil from their kitchens in free biofuel vehicles. In this sense, the Internet can even find sites that detail how to do it home. ESOC

Antony Berretti The driver declined to give an example that the idea is possible. To this end, it was proposed tour several European countries, including Spain, with a van converted by himself, so he could fill up your tank with vegetable oil leftovers from restaurants.

Meanwhile, some companies offer even sell it to consumers and business to do it. For example, the U.S. company Greasecar Vegetable Fuel Systems conversion kits sold each priced between 500 and 1,300 euros, and according to its makers is amortized over several months to obtain free fuel.

In Internet you can find sites that even details how to do so homemade

The British company Green Fuels is also directed to the domestic market with FuelPod2 biodiesel processor. With a price of about $ 3,000, this set is capable of producing, according to its leaders, up to 50 liters of biodiesel per day from various oily residues. Its size -60 inches in diameter and 1.40 meters high, are designed so you can be stored in a basement or garage.

However, some experts point out the limitations of producing this type of biodiesel in a home. Gloria Etxebarria, technical Renewable Energy Department of the Basque Energy Board (EVE), explains that the raw material is a "potpourri", as some oils are more used than others, more burned, with different impurities, some are sunflower, soybean others, etc.

So add this specialist EVE, although it may be true that these systems operate on a small scale landlords are not able to produce a fuel with the EN14214 standard, which specifies how it should be and accept biodiesel manufacturers. In this way, a biodiesel that does not meet this criterion would lose the guarantee in case of vehicle breakdown.

also Emilio Font de Mora, Head of Biofuels Association of Renewable Energy Producers (APPA), ensures that the home production may even be illegal if not assume a fairly strict set of requirements in the environmental (the Methanol is a dangerous product) and tax (you have to declare the production, but after the exemption).
Proyectos ecológicos y solidarios

El reciclaje del aceite usado puede dar lugar también a ejemplares experiencias que combinan no sólo valores medioambientales, sino también solidarios. Cinco vecinos en paro del barrio Suerte de Saavedra, en Extremadura, fundaron en 2004 una cooperativa con el doble objetivo de crear puestos de trabajo y proteger el medio ambiente recogiendo el aceite usado para su posterior transformación en biodiésel.

Por su parte, la ONG Madre Coraje, junto al Ayuntamiento de Málaga, puso en marcha en 2007 una iniciativa para recoger el aceite usado de esta ciudad andaluza para convertirlo en jabón y mandarlo a Perú. El aceite que no se utiliza para este fin, una vez filtrado, sold to companies that are responsible for turning it into a biodiesel for city buses in the city of Málaga. In this way, it also gets money to continue funding projects that Oxfam has in Peru.

biodiesel with waste oil in Spain

The production of biodiesel with waste oil in Spain is carried out by public institutions or universities that collect the waste and carry biodiesel production plants, as responsible for APPA.

Thus, more and more English municipalities to carry out interesting projects for recycling waste oil for processing into biodiesel. The system usually involves the installation of special containers for consumers arising from the used oil have been stored in an airtight container like a plastic bottle. It must deposit oil from frying, roasts, canning, fat spoiled or expired, and in no engine oil, lubricants, mayonnaise, sauces or prepared or mixed with food waste or other waste. Subsequently, a specialist in charge of transport and processing into biodiesel.

For example, the municipality of Madrid and Segovia Loeches San Cristobal recently put up a pilot project runs until 2009. The consistory-filter funnels distributed free to citizens to keep the oil in a plastic bottle. Once filled, is placed in special containers located in different parts of town, since the system even lets you recycle the container.

citizen collaboration is essential. Consumers can ask their consistory if carried out any similar project, and if not, request

Meanwhile, another unusual initiative, which also incorporate elements of environmental education, the Institute is The Espeñetas Orihuela, Alicante. His students recycle used oil from their homes and make it into the central laboratory into biodiesel. The fuel obtained is then used in the heating furnace of the institute.

Normally, municipal officials tend to report publicly on the implementation of these projects, since the cooperation of citizens is essential. In this sense, consumers can ask their consistory if carried out any similar project, and if not, apply.

For plants in Spain using 100% waste oil and to some extent with other oils, are: Biodiesel Asthor in Gijón; Biofuels De Castilla, Valdescorriel (Zamora); Bionor Transformation in Berantevilla (Álava), Bionet Europe in Reus (Tarragona); Bionorte in San Martín del Rey Aurelio (Asturias) and Del Valles Stocks in Montmelo (Barcelona).

Thrush And Probiotics

recycled plastic food contact

reproduce here an article published in consumer on the issue of chemical contaminants in recycled plastics used for packaging food, which, in my opinion, should be prohibited because they can make a lot of things before food packaging.

The EU strengthens efforts to reduce the risk of recycling plastic containers that come into contact with food containing chemical contaminants

The use of recycled materials in the food industry is nothing new. Paper, cardboard and glass are recycled for use as food packaging. Although it can be transferred to food substances are largely impervious to contaminants and easy to clean with the temperatures used in the recycling process. Most vulnerable is the plastic, along with paper recycling process which requires specific measures to avoid the presence of chemical and microbiological contaminants.

* Author: By MARTA CHAVARRÍA
* Publication Date: April 14, 2008


containers for oils, mineral water, mayonnaise, sauces, vacuum packaging, grocery bags, milk and yoghurt pots for ... Many are the uses of plastic as food packaging, and recycled plastic. The reuse of this material in the food industry means taking into account many considerations, all aimed at reducing the risk of contamination that may spoil the product. One risk is that plastics are a suitable material so that migration takes place, ie no transfer of non-polymeric components from the plastic into the food it contains.
protection and less pollution


The recycling process is fundamental to eliminate possible contaminants in the plastic material

To avoid situations like this, the European Union has to strengthen surveillance and control measures with the EC regulation 282/2008, which also aims to harmonize the rules in Member States. In most European countries have not been set, for example, specific rules on the use of monomers and other materials that make recycled plastic. Hence the need to regulate aspects together until now remained unresolved.

In this regard, and to ensure the same level of safety of recycled plastic materials, provides that only monomers are added and additives (substances of small size, together with polymers, plastics are) authorized in quantities determined to prevent migration to plastic limits are higher than deemed safe. By their physicochemical properties, their effectiveness is required for polyolefins is 100%. And is that one of the sources of contamination can be, precisely, the previous use has been made of container.

Hence the importance of recycling, mechanical treatment, one of the strengths of the legislation, which calls for very careful in the process in which waste is shredded into small pieces and cleaned. This step is of utmost importance to ensure eliminating any risk of contamination, and migration that occur are lower than those found in trials of stimulation. Under supervision



One of the conditions required by the legislation requires industry to specify, through labeling that the packaging contains recycled plastics, and has a declaration of conformity. Who ensures that it meets all the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, in the acronym), which will be necessary to evaluate the safety of the recycling process. It will also be in charge of making an assessment of risk management on whether or not to approve the recycling process. A PECULIAR EQUIPMENT



Reuse plastic as food packaging must take into account special considerations. On the one hand, the bottles of this material are more likely than glass to absorb pollutants that may affect the food. According to the report 'Points to Consider for the use of recycled plastics in food packaging: Chemistry Considerations ", prepared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), analytical protocols should be allowed to demonstrate that contaminant levels are low. In this sense, it is necessary to establish an acceptable level of dietary exposure to chemical contaminants.

Does A Pinguecula Ever Go Away?

recycling of waste electrical and electronic

This time it is a video about recycling of WEEE. The document is from Argentina.